What does H319 mean?

Categories and label elements

CLP abbreviation	Pictogram	Signal word
Eye Irrit. 2	GHS07Exclamation mark	Warning

Related precautionary statements (P codes)

The precautionary statements that CLP Annex IV assigns to this class. Not all of them go on the label: under CLP Article 28(3), no more than six precautionary statements appear on the label unless the nature and severity of the hazard require more; the selection depends on the product and its users.

When does a mixture need H319?

Whether a mixture needs H319 is calculated from the classes and concentrations of its components. The values in the rule file for this code are:

• A component of this class is taken into account in a mixture only at a concentration of ≥ 1 %. (CLP Annex I Table 1.1; 3.3.3.3.1)
• Summation method: the weighted sum of the qualifying components must reach ≥ 1 % for the mixture to be classified Eye Irrit. 2 (H319). (CLP Annex I Table 3.3.3)
• Summation method: the weighted sum of the qualifying components must reach ≥ 10 % for the mixture to be classified Eye Irrit. 2 (H319). (CLP Annex I Table 3.3.3)
• If a component has a harmonised specific concentration limit (SCL) and meets it, the mixture takes the corresponding class directly.

For a step-by-step worked example see classifying a mixture under CLP.

Where is H319 written in the SDS?

H319 is tracked in three places of the SDS: the classification line in Section 2.1 ("Eye Irrit. 2"), the label elements in Section 2.2 and the component list in Section 3. Section 16 repeats the explanation of the code. In addition, it appears in Section 11 (toxicological information), under heading 11.1, as a "Classified" line when the class is among the classes of the mixture.

How does H319 appear on the label?

The label elements for H319 are: pictogram GHS07 (exclamation mark); it is written with the signal word "Warning". In the Chemoris template Section 2.2 carries at most 8 H statements; if the limit is exceeded the least severe ones are dropped and a warning is shown. For the bottom of the label, 4 P statements are candidates for this class in CLP Annex IV; under CLP Article 28 at most 6 of them are selected.

Where does it appear in the safety data sheet?

• Section 2.1: classification; the class abbreviation and H319 are given together.
• Section 2.2: label elements; H319 with its full text, pictogram and signal word.
• Section 3: composition table; in the row of every component that has this class.
• Section 16: the full text of the H statements cited as codes in earlier sections.

Class criteria and thresholds for H319

The values below come from the Chemoris rule file (CLP Annex I). They show the condition under which H319 arises in a mixture. For physical hazards and other classes that depend on test data, the result comes from the mixture's own measurement, not from component percentages.

H319 compared with H314 and H318

The table below puts H319 next to its closest neighbouring statements; the values are read from the rule data.

The signal word differs: Warning for H319, Danger for H314. The pictogram differs: GHS07 for H319, GHS05 for H314. H319 is not enough on its own: when Skin Corr. 1A/1B/1C/1 applies it takes over and H319 is left out (CLP Annex I 3.2.3.3.4 / 3.3.3.3.4 (the more severe class takes precedence)). The signal word differs: Warning for H319, Danger for H318. The pictogram differs: GHS07 for H319, GHS05 for H318. H319 is not enough on its own: when Eye Dam. 1 applies it takes over and H319 is left out (CLP Annex I Table 3.3.3).

H314 H318

In which SDS sections does H319 appear?

H319 does not stay only in the label section of an SDS; the class itself and the precautionary statements assigned to it shape the content of other sections too. The counts are calculated from the P statements that Annex IV assigns to this class.

Statements that appear on the label together with H319

H319 is never printed alone on a label; it sits next to the pictogram and the signal word. The Chemoris selection method (response, prevention, storage, disposal in that order; core statements first) gives these first 4 candidates for this class:

The GHS07 pictogram and “Warning” are printed together. This ranking applies because a label usually carries at most 6 statements; when a combined statement is selected, its parts are not printed again.

Official EU wording of H319 in other languages

When a product is exported to the EU, the SDS and label are expected in the official language of the Member State where it is placed on the market (REACH Article 31(5)). The table gives the official wording of H319 from the CLP Annex III/IV language versions published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Source: EUR-Lex CELEX 02008R1272-20260701.

Common mistakes with H319

• Printing too many pictograms: If the skull and crossbones (GHS06) applies, the exclamation mark (GHS07) is not used at all (CLP Article 26(1)(b)).
• Mixing up signal words: if any class requires “Danger”, only “Danger” is printed and “Warning” drops out (CLP Article 20(3)).
• Writing unlimited H statements for a multi-class product: in the Chemoris template, Section 2.2 holds at most 8 H statements.

Next steps

To read a statement like H319 correctly on a label and in an SDS, see the guide How to read H and P codes; to pick the class and prepare the label automatically, use the free label tool.

Related hazard statements

Other H statements in the same hazard family as H319 (Eye Irrit.). The difference between categories mostly comes from the degree of severity.

• H310Fatal in contact with skin.
• H311Toxic in contact with skin.
• H312Harmful in contact with skin.
• H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
• H315Causes skin irritation.
• H317May cause an allergic skin reaction.
• H318Causes serious eye damage.

Frequently asked questions