Hazard statement · Environmental hazards
What does H412 mean?
Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
- Hazard class
- Hazardous to the aquatic environment — Chronic Hazard, Category 3 (Aquatic Chronic 3)
- Pictogram
- No pictogram
- Signal word
- No signal word
Categories and label elements
| CLP abbreviation | Pictogram | Signal word |
|---|---|---|
| Aquatic Chronic 3 | No pictogram | No signal word |
Related precautionary statements (P codes)
The precautionary statements that CLP Annex IV assigns to this class. Not all of them go on the label: under CLP Article 28(3), no more than six precautionary statements appear on the label unless the nature and severity of the hazard require more; the selection depends on the product and its users.
Build a label with this class. The free label tool works out the pictogram, the signal word and the P statements for the label from the classes you choose.
When does a mixture need H412?
Whether a mixture needs H412 is calculated from the classes and concentrations of its components. The values in the rule file for this code are:
- A component of this class is taken into account in a mixture only at a concentration of ≥ 1 %. (CLP Annex I Table 1.1)
- Summation method: the weighted sum of the qualifying components must reach ≥ 25 % for the mixture to be classified Aquatic Chronic 3 (H412). (CLP Annex I Table 4.1.2)
- If a component has a harmonised specific concentration limit (SCL) and meets it, the mixture takes the corresponding class directly.
For a step-by-step worked example see classifying a mixture under CLP.
Where is H412 written in the SDS?
H412 is tracked in three places of the SDS: the classification line in Section 2.1 ("Aquatic Chronic 3"), the label elements in Section 2.2 and the component list in Section 3. Section 16 repeats the explanation of the code. In addition, it is justified in Section 12 (ecological information) under the relevant effect heading.
How does H412 appear on the label?
The label elements for H412 are: pictogram none; it needs no signal word. In the Chemoris template Section 2.2 carries at most 8 H statements; if the limit is exceeded the least severe ones are dropped and a warning is shown. For the bottom of the label, 2 P statements are candidates for this class in CLP Annex IV; under CLP Article 28 at most 6 of them are selected.
Where does it appear in the safety data sheet?
- Section 2.1: classification; the class abbreviation and H412 are given together.
- Section 2.2: label elements; H412 with its full text, pictogram and signal word.
- Section 3: composition table; in the row of every component that has this class.
- Section 16: the full text of the H statements cited as codes in earlier sections.
Class criteria and thresholds for H412
The values below come from the Chemoris rule file (CLP Annex I). They show the condition under which H412 arises in a mixture. For physical hazards and other classes that depend on test data, the result comes from the mixture's own measurement, not from component percentages.
| Class | Criterion | Limit / formula | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aquatic Chronic 3 | Minimum concentration for a component to be considered | ≥ 1 % | CLP Annex I Table 1.1 |
| Aquatic Chronic 3 | Additive formula by which a mixture reaches this class | 100 × Σ(Aquatic Chronic 1 × M) + 10 × Σ(Aquatic Chronic 2) + Σ(Aquatic Chronic 3) ≥ 25 % | CLP Annex I Table 4.1.2 |
H412 compared with H411 and H413
The table below puts H412 next to its closest neighbouring statements; the values are read from the rule data.
| Hazard statement | H412 | H411 | H413 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class abbreviation | Aquatic Chronic 3 | Aquatic Chronic 2 | Aquatic Chronic 4 |
| Pictogram | none | GHS09 | none |
| Signal word | — | — | — |
| Precautionary statements assigned | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| Concentration cut-off in a mixture | 1 % | 1 % | 1 % |
H412 and H411 carry the same signal word (—). The pictogram differs: none for H412, GHS09 for H411. H412 and H413 carry the same signal word (—). Both are shown with the same pictogram (none).
In which SDS sections does H412 appear?
H412 does not stay only in the label section of an SDS; the class itself and the precautionary statements assigned to it shape the content of other sections too. The counts are calculated from the P statements that Annex IV assigns to this class.
| SDS section | Relation to this code |
|---|---|
| 2.1 Classification | Written with the abbreviation Aquatic Chronic 3 and the code H412. |
| 2.2 Label elements | H412 appears with its full text, none and none. |
| 3 Composition | The class and code show in the row of every component that carries this class. |
| 12 Ecological information | The aquatic or environmental effect is justified here. |
| 7 Handling and storage | Of the 2 assigned P statements, 1 belong to the subject of this section: P273. |
| 13 Disposal | Of the 2 assigned P statements, 1 belong to the subject of this section: P501. |
| 16 Other information | The full text of the H statements cited by code is collected here. |
Statements that appear on the label together with H412
H412 is never printed alone on a label; it sits next to the pictogram and the signal word. The Chemoris selection method (response, prevention, storage, disposal in that order; core statements first) gives these first 2 candidates for this class:
| Rank | P code | Type | Priority | Text |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | P273 | prevention | core | Avoid release to the environment. |
| 2 | P501 | disposal | core | Dispose of contents/container to … |
The none pictogram and none are printed together. This ranking applies because a label usually carries at most 6 statements; when a combined statement is selected, its parts are not printed again.
Official EU wording of H412 in other languages
When a product is exported to the EU, the SDS and label are expected in the official language of the Member State where it is placed on the market (REACH Article 31(5)). The table gives the official wording of H412 from the CLP Annex III/IV language versions published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Source: EUR-Lex CELEX 02008R1272-20260701.
| Language | Official wording | Class title | Signal word |
|---|---|---|---|
| German | Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, mit langfristiger Wirkung. | Chronisch gewässergefährdend, Gefahrenkategorie 3 | — |
| French | Nocif pour les organismes aquatiques, entraîne des effets néfastes à long terme. | Dangereux pour le milieu aquatique — Danger chronique, catégorie 3 | — |
| Spanish | Nocivo para los organismos acuáticos, con efectos nocivos duraderos. | Peligroso para el medio ambiente acuático — Peligro crónico, categoría 3 | — |
| Italian | Nocivo per gli organismi acquatici con effetti di lunga durata. | Pericoloso per l'ambiente acquatico — Pericolo cronico, categoria 3 | — |
| Polish | Działa szkodliwie na organizmy wodne, powodując długotrwałe skutki. | Stwarzające zagrożenie dla środowiska wodnego – zagrożenie przewlekłę, kategoria 3 | — |
| Dutch | Schadelijk voor in het water levende organismen, met langdurige gevolgen. | Chronisch gevaar voor het aquatisch milieu, gevarencategorie 3 | — |
| Portuguese | Nocivo para os organismos aquáticos com efeitos duradouros. | Perigoso para o ambiente aquático — Toxicidade crónica da categoria 3 | — |
| Romanian | Nociv pentru mediul acvatic cu efecte pe termen lung. | Periculos pentru mediul acvatic – pericol cronic, categoria 3 | — |
Common mistakes with H412
- Writing unlimited H statements for a multi-class product: in the Chemoris template, Section 2.2 holds at most 8 H statements.
Next steps
To read a statement like H412 correctly on a label and in an SDS, see the guide How to read H and P codes; to pick the class and prepare the label automatically, use the free label tool.
Related hazard statements
Other H statements in the same hazard family as H412 (Aquatic Chronic). The difference between categories mostly comes from the degree of severity.
Frequently asked questions
Which pictogram and signal word go with H412 on a label?
For H412 the pictogram is none; it needs no signal word.
How many P statements does H412 need?
CLP Annex IV assigns 2 precautionary statements to the class of H412, but under CLP Article 28(3) a label usually carries at most 6 of them; the selection depends on the product and its user.
When does a mixture need H412?
A component of this class is taken into account in a mixture only at a concentration of ≥ 1 %. Summation method: the weighted sum of the qualifying components must reach ≥ 25 % for the mixture to be classified Aquatic Chronic 3 (H412). Details are in the section "When does a mixture need H412?" above.
In which SDS sections does H412 appear?
H412 appears in Sections 2.1 (classification), 2.2 (label), 3 (composition) and 16, and also in 12, 7 and 13.
What is the difference between H412 and H411?
H412 carries — and none; H411 carries — and GHS09.
Which numerical limits apply to H412 in a mixture?
Aquatic Chronic 3: ≥ 1 %; Aquatic Chronic 3: 100 × Σ(Aquatic Chronic 1 × M) + 10 × Σ(Aquatic Chronic 2) + Σ(Aquatic Chronic 3) ≥ 25 %.
Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) Annexes I and III; Turkish SEA Regulation (Official Gazette 28848). The statement is the official English text of CLP Annex III. Pictogram and signal word: CLP Annex I Table 4.1.4. Updated: 6 November 2026.
Prepare your SDS